3月26日，yl23455永利官网边疆研究院乔巴生教授在中国国际电视台（CGTN）官方网站发表英文时事评论员文章“Xizang's human rights leap: From feudal serfdom to prosperity”。文章针对“藏独势力”发布纪录片《幸福智慧》试图制造对立、传递“藏独”思想的做法，运用翔实可靠的数据与事实进行澄清与反驳，指出新中国成立70余年来西藏人权事业经历了从封建农奴制到现代社会主义社会的历史性跨越，强调必须摒弃意识形态偏见，正视西藏人民的选择与获得感。
原文如下：
Xizang's human rights leap: From feudal serfdom to prosperity
Recently, proponents of Tibetan independence released a new documentary, Wisdom of Happiness. This documentary seeks to sow discord in an emotional and politicized manner, spreading Tibetan independence ideology and trying to mislead the international community about the current situation in Xizang.
The film tries to depict Xizang as a dystopian land filled with oppression. But the reality tells another story. Over the past seven decades since the founding of the People's Republic of China, Xizang has undergone a historic transformation from feudal serfdom to a modern socialist society.
Before the democratic reform, Xizang endured a rigid feudal serfdom system where politics and religion were combined, with 95 percent of the population, the serfs, being deprived of personal freedom. The old Xizang divided people into three classes and nine ranks, stipulating that the life of a lower-class person is worth a grass rope. At the same time, serf owners had the authority to impose inhumane punishments, such as eye-gouging and amputation. This rigid feudal society bears no resemblance to the free utopia portrayed in the film.
The 1959 democratic reform in Xizang truly brought freedom to the region. It marked a turning point in the region's human rights history. The abolition of the feudal serf system enabled millions of former serfs to become masters of their own land and destiny, ushering Xizang into a new era of human rights protection.
In 1965, the establishment of the the Xizang Autonomous Region introduced a regional ethnic autonomy system, granting Xizang equal political participation rights with other Chinese citizens. This system enabled Xizang people to manage their internal affairs autonomously and exercise self-governance. As of 2023, Tibetans and other ethnic minorities constitute 89.2 percent of representatives at all levels of the People's Congress in Xizang. Furthermore, every chairperson of the Standing Committee of the People's Congress and every leader of the Xizang People's Government has been of Tibetan ethnicity. Xizang has also legislated to ensure the official status of the Tibetan language, with government documents, judicial proceedings, and public signage available in both Chinese and Tibetan, reflecting a harmonious integration of cultural and political rights. There is no such thing as cultural oppression in Xizang. The Western manipulation of the human rights narrative on Xizang is just an attempt to curb China's development.
The film's glorification of the Dalai Lama is essentially aimed at creating the illusion of a Xizang dilemma, constructing a cognitive trap to mislead the international community about Xizang's true development. But data speak: By the end of 2019, all 74 impoverished counties in Xizang had been lifted out of poverty, and 628,000 residents had overcome absolute poverty, a historic milestone.
At the same time, Xizang has built the world's highest railway network and a modern airport cluster, with 100 percent of administrative villages having access to electricity and mail services and broadband coverage exceeding 98 percent. Xizang has established a self-sustaining development model by leveraging distinctive industries such as ecological tourism, Tibetan medicine, and intangible cultural heritage workshops. For example, intangible cultural heritage workshops operate in 49 counties, creating over 6,000 people with an average annual income exceeding 30,000 yuan ($4136). During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, the central government invested 1.14 trillion yuan ($0.16 trillion) to support 151 significant projects in Xizang, covering areas such as clean energy and ecological protection, laying the foundation for sustainable development.
To ensure the health of the people, Xizang has built a medical and health network covering urban and rural areas. The number of hospital beds and health technicians per thousand people has reached the national average level. Free medical care is implemented in rural areas, and orphans are provided with centralized care. The average life expectancy in Xizang has increased from 35.5 years in 1959 to 72.19 years in 2022.
The film also distorts the facts, claiming that there is religious oppression in Xizang. But in reality, it is the Dalai group that has been spreading various narratives about his reincarnation, attempting to undermine the traditional rituals of reincarnation in Tibetan Buddhism.
Xizang currently has over 1,700 places for religious activities, and the Chinese government has invested billions of yuan in maintaining Tibetan Buddhist temples. The reincarnation of Living Buddhas is recognized and respected by the state and various levels of government in Xizang. By the end of 2018, 91 new reincarnated Living Buddhas were identified according to traditional rituals. The concept that unity and stability are blessings, while division and chaos are disasters has taken root in people's hearts, and the attitude of various ethnic groups in maintaining national unity, sovereignty, and ethnic solidarity is becoming increasingly resolute.
Respecting and safeguarding human rights and allowing all Chinese people, including the Xizang people, to live a happy life is the unremitting pursuit of the Chinese government. However, Western anti-China forces and the Dalai group have long colluded, using human rights as a pretext to smear Xizang. They attempt to sever history, ignoring the dark serfdom of old Xizang and the leap in human rights in modern Xizang; they set double standards, opposing development rights to human rights, denying the Xizang people's pursuit of a better life; and they engage in political manipulation, stigmatizing cultural protection as assimilation and distorting religious management as suppression.
However, the development and progress of human rights in modern Xizang benefit all people, and Xizang's unprecedented prosperity is indisputable. Human rights progress in Xizang is a microcosm of the Chinese-style modernization path. It proves that only by adhering to the leadership of the Communist Party of China and advancing comprehensive development based on national conditions can we achieve human dignity and long-term social stability.
For the West, abandoning ideological prejudice and facing the choices and sense of gain of the Xizang people is the only way to understand the truth about Xizang. In the future, Xizang will continue to write a new chapter on human rights with high-quality development, contributing Chinese wisdom to global human rights governance.
译文如下：
西藏人权事业的伟大跨越：从封建农奴制到繁荣昌盛
近期，“藏独势力”发布新纪录片《幸福智慧》，试图以情感化和政治化的方式制造对立，传递“藏独”思想，并误导国际社会对西藏现状的认知。这部电影试图将西藏描绘成一个充满压迫的“反乌托邦”之地。但现实却讲述了另一个故事：新中国成立70余年来，西藏经历了从封建农奴制到现代社会主义社会的历史性跨越。
在民主改革之前，西藏曾长期处于政教合一的严酷封建农奴制社会，占人口95%的农奴被剥夺人身自由。旧西藏法典更是将人分成三等九级，规定“下等下级人命价为一根草绳”，而农奴主则可对农奴实施剜目、断手等酷刑。这一严酷的封建农奴制社会与“藏独”电影中描绘的“自由乌托邦”毫无相似之处。
1959年，西藏的民主改革成为西藏人权事业的起点。民主改革废除了罪恶的封建农奴制度，百万农奴首次成为土地和自身命运的主人。自此，西藏进入人权保障的新纪元。
1965年，西藏自治区的成立，在西藏确立了民族区域自治制度。藏族同胞不仅依法享有与其他中国公民平等的政治参与权，还依法享有自主地管理本民族、本地区的内部事务，行使当家作主的权利。
截至2023年，西藏各级人大代表中藏族和其他少数民族占比达89.2%，西藏自治区历任人民代表大会常务委员会主任和人民政府主席都由藏族公民担任。西藏还通过立法保障藏语文的官方地位，政府公文、司法诉讼、公共标识均使用汉藏双语，确保了文化权利与政治权利的有机统一。事实证明，西藏并不存在所谓的“文化压迫”。西方对西藏人权叙事的操控只是试图遏制中国发展的卑劣手段。
这部“藏独”电影对达赖喇嘛的美化，本质上旨在通过营造“西藏困境”的幻象，构建认知陷阱，企图让国际社会对西藏真实发展产生误解。但数据说明了一切：截至2019年底，西藏74个贫困县全部摘帽，62.8万贫困人口全部脱贫，历史性消除绝对贫困。
与此同时，西藏建成了全球海拔最高的铁路网络和机场群，行政村通电率、通邮率达100%，宽带覆盖率超98%。依托生态旅游、藏医药、非遗工坊等特色地方产业，西藏形成“造血式”发展模式。例如，非遗工坊覆盖49个县，带动6000余人就业，人均年收入超3万元（4136美元）。中央在“十四五”期间投入1.14万亿元（0.16万亿美元）支持西藏的151个重大项目，涵盖清洁能源、生态保护等重要领域，为可持续发展奠定基础。
为保障人民健康，西藏建成覆盖城乡的医疗卫生网络，每千人床位数和卫生技术人员数达到全国平均水平，农牧区实行免费医疗，五保对象和孤儿实现集中供养。西藏人均预期寿命从1959年的35.5岁提升至2022年的72.19岁。
这部“藏独”电影还扭曲事实，污蔑西藏存在宗教压迫。但实际上，却是达赖集团在传播关于他转世的各种叙事，试图破坏藏传佛教的传统转世仪式。事实上，西藏现有1700余处宗教活动场所，国家累计投入数十亿元维修藏传佛教寺庙，活佛转世传承方式得到国家和西藏各级政府的承认和尊重。到2018年底，91位新转世活佛按传统仪轨认定。“团结稳定是福，分裂动乱是祸”的观念深入人心，各族群众维护祖国统一、维护国家主权、维护民族团结的态度日益坚决。
尊重和保障人权，让包括西藏人民在内的全体中国人民过上幸福的生活，是中国政府的不懈追求。然而，西方反华势力与达赖集团长期勾结，以“人权”为幌子抹黑西藏。试图割裂历史，无视旧西藏的黑暗农奴制与现代西藏的人权飞跃；设定双重标准，将发展权与人权对立，否定西藏人民对美好生活的追求；开展政治操弄，将文化保护污名化为“同化”，将宗教事务管理歪曲为“压制”。但新时代西藏人权事业的发展与进步惠及全体人民，西藏的空前繁荣无可辩驳。西藏人权事业的进步是中国式现代化道路的缩影。事实证明，只有坚持中国共产党领导、立足中国国情推进全面发展，才能实现人的尊严与社会的长治久安。
对西方而言，摒弃意识形态偏见，正视西藏人民的选择与获得感，才是理解西藏真相的唯一路径。未来，西藏将继续以高质量发展书写人权事业新篇章，为全球人权治理贡献中国智慧。
编辑：张文潇
